COW/CALF CORNER
The
Newsletter
From the Oklahoma
Cooperative Extension Service
July 11,
2008
In this issue:
Can E. Coli
Recalls Be Avoided with Vaccination?
Glenn Selk, OSU
Extension Cattle Reproduction Specialist
Remember How
Markets Work
Derrell S. Peel, OSU
Extension Livestock Marketing Specialist
Can E. Coli
Recalls Be Avoided with Vaccination?
Glenn Selk, OSU
Extension Cattle Reproduction Specialist
Several ground meat recalls have made the news in recent
weeks. There never is a good time for such news. Certainly during
the “outdoor grilling” season, any cause for concern of ground meat safety is
not good for the industry. Montana State University animal scientists
working with USDA scientists are studying the effectiveness of an experimental
vaccine against E. coli. Beef cows in the last trimester of
pregnancy were used to determine if vaccinating against Escherichia coli
O157:H7 would increase antibody titers in the serum and also result in the
transfer of these antibodies to the newborn calf. Seventy-one cows were
vaccinated 30 days before parturition with an experimental vaccine and then
commingled with 66 non-vaccinated cows.
Cow fecal and venous blood samples were collected at trial
initiation and again about 14 days after parturition. Calf feces and serum were
collected at about 14 days after parturition and 60 days later. Results of this experiment showed that
vaccinating the late gestating cow with an experimental vaccine against
E. coli O157:H7 resulted in increased antibody titers in
both cows and calves. Any partial reduction in the shedding of E. coli O157:H7 will be useful in controlling the
contamination of meat. Source: Standley and co-workers. The
Professional Animal Scientist. Vol. 24 (2008):260–263.
Remember How
Markets Work
Derrell S. Peel, OSU
Extension Livestock Marketing Specialist
$4.00/gallon gasoline, $7.00/bushel corn, $100/cwt. fed
cattle. These and other unprecedented prices have many people wondering
what is going on in our markets and maybe whether or not markets are
working. In times like these it is important to remember the basics
of how markets work. Our economy is a collection of markets that work so
well most of the time that we take them for granted. The proof of that is
that all of us can go to most any retail store on any day and we can find what
we are looking to buy almost without exception. We do not spend much time
worrying about running out of things to buy.
The reason we do not have to worry about not having things to
buy is the result of millions of decisions made by producers and consumers
everyday that provide tiny corrections to markets and collectively result in the
production of things we want and reduce the production of things we desire
less. It is only when we see shocks, often due to weather but sometimes
due to other factors, that we see markets struggle to ration products to avoid
shortages. Even then the problem is usually corrected very
quickly.
All economic activity is based on scarcity, which is the
reality that there is not enough resources in the world to produce as much of
everything as people desire. This means that choices have to be made about
what gets produced, how resources will be used and ultimately who gets the
resulting production. The job of markets is to translate consumer desires
into values so that limited resources can be efficiently allocated to best meet
the demands of people. In essence, consumers, in order to consume a
product, must bid that product away from other consumers and from other uses of
the resources necessary to produce the product. Producers, in order to
produce any product, must bid the resources needed for production away from
other uses of the resources. The collective bidding activities of
consumers and producers leads to the prices we observe in the multitude of
markets in our economy.
All of this happens rather subtly and seemingly automatically
most of the time. Occasionally, a shock or set of shocks or circumstances
will converge to cause a period of volatile market dynamics to sort out a new
set of values for products and resources. Such is the situation now.
We are in and will likely continue to experience for some time very dynamic
market environments until markets collectively figure out, for example, just
what the value of corn and other agricultural crops are for food, feed and
fuel. We have to figure out the value of meat and various ways that it can
be produced. We have to figure out the value of energy, food and other
products in countries around the world given the rapidly growing demand in some
developing nations. It is not an easy process, nor a quick one, given the
magnitude of the current situation. However, markets do work and they are
still a remarkably efficient way to capture the multitude of direct and indirect
impacts of a vast array of market influences.
Oklahoma State University, in
compliance with Title VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Executive
Order 11246 as amended, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Americans
with Disabilities Act of 1990, and other federal laws and regulations, does not
discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, religion,
disability, or status as a veteran in any of its policies, practices or
procedures. This includes but is not limited to admissions, employment,
financial aid, and educational services.